Counterfeiting and Pricing in China and UK Dissertation - 1

Falsifying and Pricing in China and UK - Dissertation Example Falsifying an item is a sort of tricking the purchasers. â€Å"Counterfeiting is such an issue in China, that it might drive away some outside financial specialists that produce originator mark products, organizations caution. They state that regardless of endeavors by the specialists, they were all the while losing a huge number of dollars in incomes in view of accessibility of fake products† (International Management, Phatak, 2006)† (Designer Concern Over Mainland Fakes Threatens Future Investment 2002). Presently a day, design industry is seen utilizing the fake items for a huge scope. Progressively number of architects is utilizing the style and shade of a similar item which are being structured by different fashioners. Young ladies of youthful age are pulled in towards it, as when various hues rise of a similar plan. Such shoppers accept that the name, brand name, and perceiving qualities of plan, for example, shading, logo, diagram, and models are exceptionally valuable. Customers will have the troublesome quandary whether they utilize a fake item or a unique. Design fakes may proceed as a hazard free test structure, make consideration among buyers, and make them increment useful verbal exchange to different clients. At the point when contrasted in vogue items with physical appearances, the clients will pick either the fake items or the first one relying upon the accommodation for shopping, or salary as both offer a superior appearance regardless of its item and administration quality. Forgers serve clients who seek to possess extravagance products yet who can't or reluctant to pay for the genuine thing† ... A larger piece of fake products purchased in the UK are bought after the bringing of those items into the nation. Most of customers purchases fake items intentionally; while a few shoppers have been misdirect to buy fakes as they assumed were authentic at the retail location. 2.3 Mass Production of Counterfeit Products: Products in tremendous interest can be delivered based on the equivalent or comparable highlights, frequently encased and marked in intends to make them uninterested from the current one. â€Å"The most mainstream fake market is apparel, trailed by shoes, watches, cowhide merchandise, and gems. Louis Vuitton, Gucci, Burberry, Tiffany, Prada, Hermes, Chanel, Dior, Yves St Laurent, and Cartier are much of the time pilfered. Knockoffs of style brands are typically produced in China, South Korea, Taiwan, and South America.† (Ritson 2007). The fake items are then sold through partner showcases, or even acquaint into the item gracefully arrangement. Without the costs of the other comparable items, the fakes are appraised especially as to the contenders. Attributable to the feasible boundary, in various commercial centers in some division of the world, fake merchandise are faraway more across the board than the past items. When contrasted with UK concerning the fake items, half of the hazardous items originate from china. â€Å"Counterfeiting requires progressed and expensive creation gear is viewed as restricting the quantity of gatherings that would take part in encroaching exercises. For instance, the autos or results of comparable multifaceted nature are troublesome focuses for forgers, regardless of whether they can use

The Economic importance of Transportation Essay

The Economic significance of Transportation - Essay Example ailure anytime of the vehicle organize that we have could be heartbreaking as the IRU (2002) discloses to us that, â€Å"Any transport arrange disappointments might be acclimatized to ‘blood clots’ discouraging free development of individuals, products and ventures, and ruining manageable improvement of world economy (IRU, 2002, Pg. 1).† For America specifically, there exists a broad street, rail, air and ocean based vehicle organize that connects all the urban areas and towns inside the landmass from New York to Juno. Anyway the immense vehicle organize in America was not fabricated for the time being but instead it took many years of arranging, situating, guidelines, framework advancement and an enormous financial venture before the system could take a useable structure. Obviously, for most of the populace, the most normally observed and maybe the frequently utilized framework for transport remains the street and expressway arranges that cut over the land. Financial concerns unquestionably come up when the street organize is arranged or in any event, when another street/expressway is to be made by the legislature. These financial rules characterize the objectives of such a component of the vehicle arrange. For instance, the financial objective of the street could be to lighten weight and subsequently spare time for people who are driving starting with one point on the city then onto the next. It could likewise be to give more courses to getting to a state of monetary intrigue, for example, a shopping center. Indeed, even the idea of what will be shipped by the course is a significant thought since streets going in or originating from a modern zone may have various particulars when contrasted with the streets that are being used in private zones (Weiner, 2004). A built up transport system can even guide the financial advancement of a locale since ventures might be increasingly keen on situating to a district that has a broad street organize allowing the simple development of overwhelming trucks or other gear. Access to railways or air terminals might be significant for

Blog Archive B-School Chart of the Week MBA Intellectual Capital Rankings 2014

Blog Archive B-School Chart of the Week MBA Intellectual Capital Rankings 2014 Although quantifying a school’s profile certainly does not tell you everything, it can sometimes be helpful in simplifying the many differences between the various MBA programs. Each week, we bring you a chart to help you decide which of the schools’ strengths speak to you. Some people may be surprised to see the Rady School of Management at the University of California (UC), San Diegoâ€"which stands modestly at number 51 in  Bloomberg Businessweek’s 2014 overall MBA rankingsâ€"besting the likes of such top-tier Ivy League titans as Harvard Business School (HBS) in the area of intellectual capital. Although HBS’s number-eight position according to this measure could perhaps be explained by the program’s emphasis on publishing case studies rather than scholarly articles (the former are not considered in  Bloomberg Businessweek’s tabulation of research), the list is nonetheless interesting in the variety of schools represented. According to  Bloomberg Businessweek, the Rady School boasted the most prolific business faculty in the United States in 2014. Earning top billing for intellectual capital is an honor that “is quite impressive for a business school that was established only a decade ago,” observes UC San Diego Chancellor Pradeep K. Khosla.  The business school’s dean, Robert S. Sullivan, commented that the distinction is “a direct consequence of the Rady School’s successes in recruiting world class faculty.” In fact,  Bloomberg Businessweek’s overall ranking is calculated as an aggregate of three factors, of which intellectual capital carries the least weight: 45% of the overall ranking is determined by recruiters’ feedback on recent MBA hires, another 45% is determined by reviews from graduating MBAs of their respective programs, and just 10% is accounted for by intellectual capital, which marks the volume and quality of faculty publications in leading business journals within the past five years. Unless you are pursuing a PhD, faculty research output is probably not a foremost concern when looking for the best return on your business school investment. Still, Bloomberg Businessweek’s tally of scholarly contributions does provide a more heterogeneous view of the leading MBA programsâ€"revealing that important intellectual activity is being conducted at schools that might be otherwise eclipsed on the usual top-ten lists. Share ThisTweet B-School Charts

Race, Drugs And Policing - 1483 Words

This article talks about race, drugs and policing, and understanding the disparities in drug delivery arrests and argues that race shapes perceptions of whom and what constitutes Seattle’s drug problem, and how the police response to that problem. The findings suggest that the blacks are significantly more in numbers among Seattle’s drug delivery arrestees compared to whites. The primary cause behind this racial disparity is due to the fact that police focus mainly on crack dealers who are predominantly blacks more than any other serious drug dealers. The evidence states that even though a majority of serious drug transactions involved a white drug dealer, 64 percent of those arrested for drug delivery in Seattle from January 1999 to April 2001 were black. It also indicates that police’s excessive focus on crack offenders resulted in the exclusion of those who delivered other sorts of serious drugs like heroin and methamphetamines. Blacks arrested indoors also ou tnumbered whites by a ratio of 2 to 1, although evidence suggests that the whites were more involved in the delivery of methamphetamine, ecstasy, and heroin and had substantial access to private spaces when compared to blacks. There is also evidence saying that racially diverse outdoor drug venues located downtown received far more attention than did predominantly white outdoor drug markets. The paper finally concludes by saying that the whites have long been protected from the threat of detection and sanction, andShow MoreRelatedThe War On Drugs And Drugs Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Drug has been a serious issue in our society and criminal justice institutes due to many problems associated, including the violence, negative health benefits, social disorganization, and other negative consequences. The police agencies have adopted a policy called â€Å"The War on Drugs†, as a response to the rising drug problems. The War on Drugs has popularized variety policies and practices that significantly increased the overall number of drug arrests, and other drug related offenses(TheRead MoreThe Race Problem Of America Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pagesshares the same rights and liberties before the law. However, only considering political equality undermines the deep-seated race problem of America. America does have a race problem but it is too daunting to solve all at once. Nevertheless, we can still take a small step towards a more racially equal society by focusing on one of the more pressing issues of America’s ‘race problem’ today which lies i n the justice system and is particularly evident in Chicago. Chicago is one of the most raciallyRead MoreRacial Discrimination And The Criminal Justice System1512 Words   |  7 Pagesculture in issues regarding drug use, and incarceration which creates unfair inequality for this race. I will use peer reviewed articles to verify the racial disparity in the criminal justice system. The first article I am going to focus on, Foreword: Addressing the Real World of Racial Injustice in the Criminal Justice System, was written by Donna Coker . Primarily, the article talks about the statistical evidence of in justice regarding racial profiling in policing and imprisonment. Official incarcerationRead MoreMulticulturalism Is The Fundamental Act That All Residents Are Equal1043 Words   |  5 Pagesprotection and under the law without based on race, ethnicity, color, and religion. Multiculturalism state policy act of Canada is helpful for cultural diversity, but sometimes it has an impact on race and policing issue. Due to the different background of culture, the immigrants may face racial policing and profiling. Racialization is the issue where an individual treat differently due to their features such as color. Due to multiculturalism, policing is the issue where police stop and frisk a personRead MoreModern Law Enforcement Of The London Metropolitan Police District12 31 Words   |  5 Pagesforce, the British hoped to target the increasing rate of crime. Factors in this are the urban growth, unchecked immigration, increasing poverty level, radical political groups, and unsupervised juveniles. A perfect example for traditional American policing derives from principles created by the first chief of the Metropolitan Police, Sir Robert Peel. The said principles include proper training of officers, a thorough recruitment process, police headquarters that the public could access and using statisticsRead MoreRacial Inequality And The Law Enforcement System1577 Words   |  7 Pagesofficers were released. The jury was predominately white, suggesting the conception of racial inequality, which triggered riots all over LA. (1) This paper argues that racial discrimination in policing results in unwarranted treatment, incarceration, and death. Racial inequality, specifically within policing, has gained a significant amount of attention and has struck up much controversy in the past few years. The discretionary power to decide who should be searched, arrested, prosecuted, and punishedRead MoreThe Drug Of Drug Abuse1385 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Cocaine is an addictive drug that comes from the coca plant. How cocaine is made and ingested are the primary differences between powdered and crack cocaine. It can be ingested in multiple ways, but inhaling and smoking are the most common. Powdered cocaine is a white substance that is snorted and absorbed through the nasal tissue. Crack cocaine is made by dissolving cocaine with an alkaline (like baking soda), then it turns into a sheet that can be crushed out into â€Å"rock† form. InRead MorePolicing Styles, Watchman, And Service Style931 Words   |  4 Pagessociety there are three types of policing styles and it tends to vary based on the community. According to Kuykendall (1974), states that the style used in a community by law enforcement is based on different expectations regarding role performance (Kuykendall, 1974). Each style is used to maintain and enforce law and order in the community. The three policing styles that are used in the community are legalistic, w atchman, and service style. The legalistic style of policing is focused on enforcing theRead More`` Fruitvale Station `` : The Modern Homeland Security Policy Essay955 Words   |  4 PagesFruitvale Station provides insights into the modern homeland security policy because towards the resolution of the film there is racial profiling. Also, in regards to the homeland security policy, race-based criminal profiling had become a denounced law enforcement practice (Newman). â€Å"In 1999, a Gallup poll revealed that more than 80% of Americans disapproved of the practice of racial profiling by law enforcement authorities on any level† (Newman). In Fruitvale Station there is a detachment betweenRead MoreRacial Profiling And The American Civil Liberties Union998 Words   |  4 Pagesprofiling† can hold a variety of meanings. As defined by the American Civil Liberties Union, however, racial profiling is the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting indi viduals for suspicion of crime based on the individual s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin (â€Å"Racial Profiling†). Every day, blacks are stopped much more frequently for aimless searches and minor infractions than their white counterparts. Several African Americans share experiences like these, such

Halloween Math Worksheets and Activities for All Ages

Idealism Personal Philosophy Essay examples - 1039 Words

My Personal Philosophy There are many philosophies and beliefs that can be acknowledged and discussed in this world. Some made up and some that are supported by straight on evidence. Some most would disagree with and others most would agree with. One thing I strongly believe is that there is no right or wrong belief or philosophy, as long as you have reason to what you are speaking of. You believe what you want to believe. Everyone thinks differently. The main three topics I will share my beliefs about are reality, society and fate. I believe in idealism, that reality is a creation of minds. Reality is within your mind. It is what you see and how you feel. Thoughts are so powerful and real, they determine your actions which determine†¦show more content†¦I agree with this completely due to personal experiences that have made me view reality nowadays way more differently than I did before. Society is the way it is today because we citizens, as society, have made it this way. Society is drunk off freedom and believes everything should be handed to them with no questions asked. Nobody wants to earn anything anymore. Society is too concerned with who’s running in first place on American Idol rather than who’s running the country. We have made certain things, such as expensive clothes and fit, skinny bodies, be glamorized for so long that it is considered as the better way of living in today’s society. I disagree with materialistic viewpoints. I don’t think having lots of money and clothes and objects make you rich. I believe being rich means that you appreciate everything you have. The â€Å"good life† is a life you are proud to talk about, a life that makes you happy. You create your own Utopia. I absolutely agree with this quote by German philosopher, Friedrich Nietzsche, as he writes, â€Å"You have your way. I have my way. As for the right way, the correct way, and the only way, it does not exist.† This is true because there is no right or wrong way to live, whatever makes you happy, do it. You should never punish someone for living how they want to live. Of course this is to an extent because there are laws made up for the protection of citizens, but so what. AsShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of The Philosophy Of Education Essay1538 Words   |  7 PagesTeaching Philosophy Emily E. Blackwell Athens State University Abstract Idealism, thought to be the creation of Greek philosopher, Plato, is the approach that teachers use to get students to ask and answer questions in order to reach the next level of education. The teacher will typically use a variety of inquiry based learning tactics. This school of thought is used to develop each students’ individual abilities and moral character. The idealist feels that with the development of moral characterRead MoreTheme Of Reality In First Person By Shi Tiensheng1018 Words   |  5 Pagesexistentialist philosophy reflected in the plot; essentially that perpetual change is the only constant in life. Assuredly paradoxical, but reflective of the human condition in the author’s mind. Through portrayal of the main character’s stream of consciousness, Shi Tiensheng implicitly concludes that the only thing humans have control over in life is the decision to accept reality as it is delivered, or foolishly fantacize how things could be better. The foc al point of his philosophy being that oneRead MoreIntellectual Progress Of Mankind By Martin Luther King Jr.1610 Words   |  7 Pageshis life. Three main subject leads toward Intellectual Progress of mankind, philosophies, ideologies, and theories which this paper examines as related themes that often intersect in educational ideas (Gutek, 2004). Philosophy falls somewhere between the arts and sciences. On the one hand, it offers idiosyncratic worldviews that may be too disparate to compare. It is not surprising, then, that the question â€Å"Is philosophy progressive?† is hardly ever raised. From one viewpoint, it offers quirkyRead MoreQuestions On Personal Morals And Ethics956 Words   |  4 PagesSticking to Personal Morals in Business In today’s business world, the issue of personal morals and ethics has been a much researched and debated topic. This is particularly true in light of the many financial scandals of the past few years. Therefore, one must decide, when faced with a moral decision, if she will remain true to her engrained morals or waver to reap special benefits in the long run. Personally, adhering to established morals and ethics is the basis of my entire being and professionalRead MoreMy Education Philosophy 1511 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Mission Statement Education is the imparting and acquiring of knowledge and skills through teaching and learning. As an educator, my personal mission statement is to master my subject area in order to serve as a role model for my students thereby producing students who thoroughly understand the subject matter, and who develop holistically. In order to achieve this goal I must have a set education philosophy with a strong Christian worldview. I must also have a general understanding of theRead MoreThe Effect Of Becoming Too Smart1043 Words   |  5 Pagesof entertainment, but now people have invested into a controlled and structured lifestyle. As a matter of fact, the investment into technology and new developments into stem cell, cloning, and cyber genetics, also distance people from the art of Philosophy, because most people are preoccupied on technology over thoughts about why we exist or what causes bad things. During, the Age of Enlightenment, many philosophers, artists, musicians, and scientists began a revolution in their subject manner, andRead MoreMy Philosophy And Philosophy Of Personal Educational Philosophy1042 Words   |  5 Pageseducators do not know what their educational philosophy is. However it is imperative for educators and future educators to know their personal educational philosophies so that they can be accountable, explain how they teach, what they are doing and why. My personal Educational philosophy is made up of four components; metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and logic. My educational Philosophy Metaphysics (reality) is a combination of realism and idealism, that the mind, spirit, and body are connectedRead MoreStatement Of Purpose For Graduate Study937 Words   |  4 PagesPurpose for Graduate Study Philosophy Doctoral Program at Stanford University I wouldn’t be doing philosophy if I didn’t think it progressed, and that we know now more than we did a century ago. For that reason, I don’t view its history as a story of the clash of defensible but irreconcilable views, from which the most we can expect is a sympathetic understanding of how things looked to the participants. (Scott Soames) For the value of the history of philosophy . . . lies not only in theRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education976 Words   |  4 PagesMy philosophy of education is for every student to reach his or her full potential. This is by inspiring all students and helping them realize how much they can achieve. I believe every student can become a great person with the right motivation and support by parents, friends and a teacher. Teaching is inspiring students and learning is obtaining knowledge. The definition of teaching, to me, is to inspire students and be a positive role model. My personal definition of learning is obtaining knowledgeRead MoreEssay on Statement of Educational Goals and Philosophy689 Words   |  3 PagesStatement of Educational Goals and Philosophy I can still remember coming home from school after an exciting day in the first grade. I would go straight to my room, line all of my dolls up in the floor, and â€Å"teach† them everything I had learned earlier that day. But of course, not every child who pretends to be a teacher in his or her early years actually becomes a teacher. So although I enjoyed â€Å"teaching,† I never really considered it as a choice for my life-long career.

Phonics Difficulties free essay sample

This report will cover new diagnosing and assessing procedures are being used for phonics difficulties. The studies of recent diagnostic procedures for phonics difficulties are important to me, as a teacher because I can learn new ways of diagnosing my students with difficulties they may have in phonics as soon as those difficulties show themselves. Diagnostic testing for phonics is used to identify skill deficits and that need a plan of assistance. As a teacher, I can the most recent combination of formal and informal assessments, as well as observation, to get performance information that focuses instruction. It is from that point of assessment and observation I can create a plan for my students to succeed. Diagnostic procedures are used to evaluate the students phonemic awareness, which is the students understanding of sounds, phonics skills, sound-symbol correspondence, as well as syllabication and awareness of morphemes also, the brake of larger words into smaller parts. The information discovered by the diagnostic assessment and observation will help the student improve decoding skills needed at their grade level. The teacher must make time for testing periodically to determine each student’s progress and if changes need to be made to the outline plan. The lack of phonics can affect other areas of reading, such as sight words, word recognition, comprehension, oral reading, vocabulary, and the students over all reading rate. Phonics also plays a major role in spelling. The teacher should keep record of the student’s original phonics scores so that as the school year goes bye and periodical testing takes place the teacher, student and parents can see the students improved or lack thereof. A diagnostic interview is another new and upcoming method, which is a mean of getting information about an individual student’s knowledge and mental strategies about the concept under investigation. Students are asked to verbalize what they are thinking about when cards or objects or words are placed in front of them. Phonics is a method of teaching reading in which people learn to associate letters with the speech sounds they represent, rather than learning to recognize the whole word as a unit. If phonemic awareness is strong the students will gain the ability to rhyme, list words that begin and end with the same sound, break words into individual phonemes, and blend phonemes together to make a familiar word. Phonemic awareness is essential to help students learn how to read, and if these skills are not learned and mastered, then intervention is required to help students gain the needed phonics skills. Phonics is an approach to reading involving letter-sound relationships and letter recognition. Readers who have difficulties reading can improve reading skills by having an intervention plan mostly based on phonics. DIBELS here in Alabama is an assessment used to diagnosing phonics difficulties as well as a number of other things. DIBELS stands for The Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills it is a set of procedures and measures for assessing the achievement of early literacy skills from kindergarten through sixth grade. DIBELS is a short fluency measured used to commonly watch the progress of early literacy and early reading skills in students. DIBELS tested are made of seven measures that are indicators of phonemic awareness, alphabetic principle, accuracy and fluency with connected text, reading comprehension, and vocabulary. DIBELS was made for teachers to identifying students experience difficulty in basic early literacy skills in order to provide early intervention and prevent the amount of later reading problems down the line. A reading deficiency can be for a number of different causes from deficient environment, to mental retardation, dyslexia, a learning disability, and a host of others reasons. Students who score in the 20th percentile or lower are identified as poor readers. At the 20% level should be receiving some form of reading program or plan and maybe be given an IEP (Individualized Education Plan) that will pin point the services that will be given to help the student improve his or her reading skills. As a teacher you can see why I would like to know the most recent diagnostic procedures, so that what each student needs I can give early diagnostic and early intervention. TOWRE (Test of Word Reading Efficiency) is a nationally normed measure of word reading accuracy and fluency test. That can be administered quickly, it provides an well-organized means of monitoring the growth of two kinds of word reading skills that are critical in the development of overall reading ability: the ability to precisely recognize familiar words as whole units or sight words and the ability to sound out words quickly. According to the Assessment for Effective Intervention in a article in 2006 it had this to say about both the DIBELS amp; TOWRE program: â€Å"The Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) are a series of fluency-based measures designed to assess early literacy skills. These fluency-based measures function as predictors of future reading performance and target critical component skills required to learn to read. This study was conducted to establish the convergent validity of DIBELS with a standardized measure of phonological decoding ability and sight word reading fluency, the Test of Word Reading Efficiency (TOWRE) (Torgesen, Wagner, amp; Rashotte, 1997). The TOWRE has been shown to have sufficient reliability and validity as a measure of word reading ability (Torgesen et al. 1997). DIBELS and TOWRE subtests were administered to 202 first-grade students. Correlations were examined between scores on the DIBELS subtests of Letter Naming Fluency, Phoneme Segmentation Fluency, Nonsense Word Fluency, and Word Use Fluency with the TOWRE subtests of Phonetic Decoding Efficacy and Sight Words. The DIBELS Nonsense Word Fluency measure was found to have the strongest association with both the TOWRE Phonetic Decoding Efficacy and Sight Word subtests. To ass ess the student’s knowledge of vowels, use a Phonics Assessment. Have the reader read an unfamiliar word that contains that vowel if the reader correctly pronounces the word, you can assume the reader knows the vowel within the word. In the English language recognizing vowels to decode one-syllable words are giving to understand the correct sounds of the vowels and vowel rules it is important to recognize if students can decode vowels due to the uses of vowels in the English language and rules of the English language. In the past, students who were learning phonics were often taught a great many rules that would supposedly help them to decode. Some programs taught students well over 100 different symbol-sound correspondences. However, research studies over many years have shown that some of the rules formerly taught had little utility. Most of the unreliable rules related to the teaching of vowel sounds. For students who have difficulty learning the symbol-sound association f or vowels, the phonogram approach is often more effective. A phonogram, as defined here, is a common word family beginning with a vowel or vowel pair followed by a consonant or consonants, and sometimes ending in e. Examples of phonograms are: ake, at, ed, ime, old, and up. These word endings, and many others, almost always are pronounced the same way in the many different words in which they appear. Because of this consistency in pronunciation, students often find it much easier to learn to decode when they are taught using phonograms. † According to the American Education Research Journal; two studies were done on a Grade 1 eading interventions for ELL (English Language Learners) students with reading problems and this was their findings of those studies: â€Å"Two samples of EL students were randomly assigned to a treatment or untreated comparison group on the basis of their language of instruction for core reading (i. e. , Spanish or English). In all, 91 students completed the English study (43 treatment and 48 comparison), and 80 students completed the Spanish study (35 treatment and 45 comparison). Treatment students received approximately 115 sessions of supplemental reading daily for 50 minutes in groups of 3 to 5. Findings from the English study revealed statistically significant differences in favor of treatment students on English measures of phonological awareness, word attack, word reading, and spelling (effect sizes of 0. 35–0. 42). Findings from the Spanish study revealed significant differences in favor of treatment students on Spanish measures of phonological awareness, letter-sound and letter-word identification, verbal analogies, word reading fluency, and spelling (effect sizes of 0. 33–0. 81). † So as teachers how do we help our ELL students understand and master the English language and rules of the English language? New Recommendations in Phonics A new recommendation is phonics assessment is Systematic Phonics which allows teachers to have a more hands-on, minds-on approach to phonics. In Systematic Phonics activities help students discover how words work, while still meeting the requirements phonics instruction at their grade level. An article by the Review of Educational Research has this to say about systematic phonics: â€Å"Synthetic phonics and larger-unit systematic phonics programs produced a similar advantage in reading. Delivering instruction to small groups and classes was not less effective than tutoring. Systematic phonics instruction helped children learn to read better than all forms of control group instruction, including whole language. In sum, systematic phonics instruction proved effective and should be implemented as part of literacy programs to teach beginning reading as well as to prevent and remediate reading difficulties. † Here are some helpful systematic phonics which activities that can be done with students. â€Å"It is helpful to teach the most ommon vowel sounds (long and short) using the following types of phonograms: words that end with the vowel-consonant-e configuration (as in cake) for long vowel sounds and words that have the CVC (consonant vowel consonant) configuration (as in hit) or the CVCC (consonant vowel consonant consonant) configuration for the short vowel sounds. A brief review of the phonogram approach method is presented here. If you wish to teach the lon g and short vowel sounds for a, choose the following words:   mat, hat, rat, fat. Discuss the sound represented by short a. Then present the previously listed words. If the student cannot pronounce them, help her to do so. Then present the following words:   mate, hate, rate, fate. Discuss the fact that when the e is added, the first vowel takes on its long sound; when the e is removed, the vowel takes on its short sound. Review the long vowel sound as you did the short vowel sound. Then present other words, such as those that follow. Cover up the final e in each word and ask the student to pronounce the word. Then expose the final e and ask her to say the word with the long sound. pale, gale B. Construct flash cards in which the vowel is shown along with both the word and a picture illustrating a word that uses that vowel, for example, short a in hat or long a in rake. On the opposite side, print only the vowel letter, marked long or short, to be used as the student progresses in ability. When using this method with a large group, you can use transparencies on an overhead projector instead of flash cards. C. Have students circle or underline the words that have vowels with the same sound as the first word in the line. See the following examples: lot  Ã‚  Ã‚   lone, dog, of, to at  Ã‚  Ã‚   car, bear, sad, same line   with, win, bike, is D. Record the vowel letters with their sounds and variant sounds and play them to students as many times as necessary to learn them. They should, however, have a chart they can follow to see the letter as they hear the sound. Many commercial programs exist to achieve this objective in fun or clever ways. E. Put the vowel letters on car ds (3 x 3). Use the breve (? ) and the macron (–) to indicate the short and long sounds. Divide these cards into groups of 10 each. Lay out separate groups of letters so the student can see 10 at once. As you call the sounds of the vowel letters, or as they are played from a tape recording, have the student pick up the correct card to match the sound of the letter. F. Use the same system as in item E. Instead of having the students match letters they hear, have them write the letter matching the letter sound (phoneme) they hear in words. G. Use commercial charts that are available for teaching vowels. Audiotapes to accompany the sounds are also available. H. Use commercially prepared games or computer software designed for teaching vowels and the application of vowel sounds in decoding. Websites for Children GameGoo: Learning That Sticks This site has a kid’s page with 15 colorful activity links divided into three levels: beginner, intermediate, and advanced. Activity links use phonic elements, such as alphabetic order, letter recognition, letter-sound correspondence, and spelling. Children who have special needs this site also provides a voice-output for unknown words along with colorful illustrations. Between the Lions This is a colorful, interactive site with games to keep children interact with reading. Between the Lions is an outstanding source for teachers, parents, and students. This website offers material goods of information about precise phonics skills also featuring many activities that enclose words and phonics. Each of the games has visual and auditory assistance for those students with cognitive and learning difficulties. Chateau Meddybemps: Fun with Letters On this site a number of stories and activities can be found that begin and reinforce letter recognition and arrangement. Also on the site is a writers workshop which is an area that provides pages for creating stories. Websites for Teachers Phonics Link The site called In the Classroom it provides a numerous of links to phonics strategies that support literacy learning for students of the early elementary level. Each link contains a lesson plan, along with modifications and additional help for struggling students. The lessons plans follow the state of California Content Standards. Can Teach This site has elementary resources lesson plans, songs, and poems as well as various links arranged by subjects, topics, and themes. This site also has opportunities to discuss and submit ideas regarding the education of children. There are a number of activities that teach phonics in the Beginning Reading and Writing section of the website. Teacher Interview Teacher: Mrs. Johnson Q: What type diagnosing and assessing procedures are being used for phonics difficulties? A: â€Å"I use the Dibbles testing for my student. Even though most of the time I do not like the dibbles method I must assess all student. † Q: Why do you not like the Dibbles? A: â€Å"If I went off of just the Dibbles test some of my brightest students would be placed in the lowest reading group due to the score of Dibbles. And sometimes when testing the students all the students in the class would get a word wrong and I would wonder how did all student get the word wrong when I go back over come to find out the students test book has a different word then the teachers test book so I would mark the word wrong when the students read it but it was the correct word listed in their book. So then I would have to go back over a re-test or recalculate all the students. † Q: How much time does Dibbles take? A: â€Å"For every teacher it is different due to class size and disabilities of students in that class. For my class it takes one-two days, roughly 2-5 min. for each student; Plus my regular lesson and centers. † Q: Is centers an every day event in your class? A: â€Å"Centers are not an every day I just cannot find the time to fit them in every day but if it’s a good week we get to them maybe twice or three times a week. † Q: How do you use your Centers to assessing phonics? A: â€Å"Well in the reading center students must find a classmate and read to them as the classmate keep tracks of how many word are pounced wrong. The reading center also has our class leap frog books and base for the books student are also allowed to use them. Computers center has games and website for students to use for phonics most of my students use Star Fall, and Between the Lions from the PBS site. Writing Center allows students to write words found in and around our class room that week that has the vowels I chose at the beginning of the week or what we are working on. Example: Compounds Words: butterfly, bookcase, restroom, classroom, ect. That’s how centers work to help me assess the students if they can do the entire task then I can assume they understand and if not then it’s still great practice. Q: How does a student IEP help the next teacher the student has? A: â€Å"The IEP helps the next teacher see some of the students pass problems and where the student has started and end with the last teacher also help by letting the new teacher see what they may have to review to see if re-teaching needs to take place. The new teacher can also choose to add her or his own input to the IEP as well as add or change IEP plan s for the student. † As a teacher using the most recent diagnostic procedures, can give my students early diagnostic and early intervention. By suing diagnostic procedures to evaluate my students’ phonemic awareness and periodically testing to determine if changes need to be made to the outline plan I can help my students’ gain unlearned skills in phonics. Diagnostic interview gives me the teacher a firsthand view of what the student is thinking about when unfamiliar phonics cards or objects or words are placed in front of them. With the websites I can use in my computer centers to reinforce phonemic awareness in my class without taking away fun from the learning processes.